Telescópio James Webb observa pela 1ª vez mudanças nas nuvens de água fora do Sistema Solar (FOTOS)

James Webb Telescope observes for the first time changes in water clouds outside the Solar System (PHOTOS)

10/10/2026 às 14:1611 ra'ayi

Foto: AVISO: midia estatal russa / Sputnik Brasil

WISE 0855, which is approximately the size of Jupiter,has a mass approximately twice that of Jupiter,and a temperature of around −8 °C. Thebrown dwarfsoccupy an intermediate position between stars and planets: they form like stars, but do not accumulate enough mass for stable thermonuclear reactions.writesPhys.org.

James Webb observed the object continuously for 11 hours, receiving a new spectrum every 15 minutes. This allowed trackingchanges in the atmosphereas the brown dwarf rotates.

It was discovered that the water cloudsare distributed in an uneven manner: some areas are more cloudy, others more transparent.

The coldest known brown dwarf just blinked. Not metaphorically: WISE 0855, a 250–265 K failed star only 2.2 parsecs away, spent 11 hours under JWST/NIRSpec and showed carbon monoxide absorption swinging by as much as 10 percent peak-to-peak. That’s not a quiet iceball. That’s weather. The first medium-resolution spectroscopic movie of the object.
— Nirmātṛ (@En_formare)September 20, 2026

As areas alternate as WISE 0855 rotates, allowing astronomers for the first time todirectly relate the change in brightness of an object so distantwith the change inwater cloud.

At the same time, the telescope detected changes in carbon monoxide and phosphine. These substances rise from deeper, hotter layers of the atmosphere, along with upward gas flows. Similar processes occur on Jupiter.

The main advantage of the James Webb is that it was able to separate the influence of clouds, temperature, andchemical composition.In the past, telescopes only recorded a general change in brightness and did not allow for understanding the exact cause.

Now, astronomers plan to continue observing to better understand the rotation of WISE 0855 and the structure of its atmosphere.

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